UNDERSTANDING
- Amino acids are linked together by condensation to form polypeptides
- There are twenty different amino acids in poypeptides synthesized on ribosomes
- Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence giving a huge range of possible polypeptides
- The amino acid sequence of polypeptide is coded for by genes
- A protein may consist of a single polypeptide for more than one polypeptide linked together
- The amino acid sequence determines the three-dimensional conformation of a protein
- Living organisms synthesize many different proteins with a wide range of functions
- Every individual has a unique proteome
applications
- Rubisco, insulin, immunoglobulins, rhodopsin, collagen, and spider silk as examples of the range of the protein functions
- Denaturation of proteins by heat or deviation of pH from the pptimun
skills
- Draw molecular diagrams to show the formation of a peptide bond
NATURE OF SCIENCE
- Patterns, trends and discrepancies: most but not all organisms assemble polypeptides from the same amino acidsthe
PROTEIN FUNCTIONS
•structural: collagen in connective tissue, spider silk
•contractile: actin and myosin in muscle tissue
• hormonal: insulin
• transport: hemoglobin
•protective: antibodies, immunoglobulins
•enzymatic: amylase, Rubisco
•pigments: rhodopsin (photoreceptor cells)
•contractile: actin and myosin in muscle tissue
• hormonal: insulin
• transport: hemoglobin
•protective: antibodies, immunoglobulins
•enzymatic: amylase, Rubisco
•pigments: rhodopsin (photoreceptor cells)
AMINO ACIDS
•Amino acids are the building blocks of life
•Linked together by condensation reaction to form polypeptides
•Linked together by condensation reaction to form polypeptides
polypeptide
•There are 20 different amino acids
•Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence give a range of polypeptides
• The sequence is coded for by genes
•Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence give a range of polypeptides
• The sequence is coded for by genes
protein
•Single polypeptide or more than one polypeptide linked together
•Determines the 3D structure of the protein. Interactions between variable R- groups forming:
–hydrophobic interactions between nonpolar amino acids
–hydrogen bonds between polar amino acids
–ionic bonds between ionic amino acids
–covalent bonds between sulfur containing amino acids
•Each individual has a unique proteome
•Determines the 3D structure of the protein. Interactions between variable R- groups forming:
–hydrophobic interactions between nonpolar amino acids
–hydrogen bonds between polar amino acids
–ionic bonds between ionic amino acids
–covalent bonds between sulfur containing amino acids
•Each individual has a unique proteome