emily´s biology portafolio
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1. Cell Biology
1.1 introduction to cells
1.2 Ultrastructure of cells
1.3 Membrane Structure
1.4 Membrane Transport
1.5 The origins of cells
1.6 Cell Division
3. Health/Nutrition
2.1 Molecules to metabolism
2.2 Water
2.3 Carbohydrates and Lipids
2.4 Proteins
2.5 Enzymes
4. Species and Communities
4.1 Species, communities, and ecosystems
C3. Impacts of humans on ecosystems
C.1 Species and Communities
5. Species and Communities
4.2 Energy Flow
C2 Communities and Ecosystems
2.9 Photosynthesis
6. Human Impacts
4.4 Climate Change
4.3 Carbon Cycling
C4 Conservation and Biodiversity
1. DNA
2.6 Structure of DNA and RNA
2.7 DNA Replication / transcription and translation
3.1 / 3.2 Chromosomes, genes alleles
Eukaryotic Cells:
occur in organisms such as algae, protozoa, fungi, plants and animals.
Eukaryotic cells include the following organelles:
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Chloroplasts
Centrosomes
Vacuoles
Plant Cell Wall:
gives cell strength and a shape
prevents cell from bursting in high pressure
prevents excessive water intake
Animal Cell's glycoproteins:
Support
Movement
Adhesion
1.2 ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CELLS
Cells are divided into two groups: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cells:
Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane and is one circular chromosome
Their DNA is free, it is not attached to proteins
They lack membrane-bound organelles. Ribosomes are complex structures within
the plasma membrane, but they don't have exterior membrane
Their cell wall is made up of a compound called peptidoglycan
They usually divide by binary fission, a simple form of cell division
they are very smal in size, usually 1-10 micrometres
A prokaryotic cell contains :
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
F
lagella
Ribosomes
The nucleoid ( a region containing free DNA)